Causes of PID
Bacteria can infect the Fallopian tubes and cause inflammation (salpingitis). Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is initiated by infection that ascends from the vagina and cervix. Chlamydia trachomatis is the predominant sexually transmitted organism causing PID. Newer, more accurate, laparoscopic studies have shown that PID may often be polymicrobial in nature (30-40%). Other organisms that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PID include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus influenzae, and anaerobes, such as Peptococcus and Bacteroides species. (see Etiology). Patients should not have sexual activity until the infection is cured. Any sexual partners the patients have had within 2 months of becoming infected with PID should also be treated.